What is a hydraulic ram?

hydraulic ram
   The Hydraulic Ram is an engine for raising a small amount of water to a higher level by suddenly arresting the flow of a larger stream. An air chamber and valves are essential parts of the machine. These rams may be used when the source of water is below the level of the place where it is required. From the fact that but a small part of the water is really elevated, the machine is uneconomical, and can be used to advantage only when the supply of water is large compared with the amount needed.