What's the fastest seabird underwater?

Most birds are made for the air, others even for the land, but penguins are better equipped for life in the water.

These nonflying birds use their wings as oars when they are swimming, allowing them, so to speak, to "fly" in the water. The word "fly" is not too much, as some penguins travel underwater at speeds of 60 km/hour (although their normal speed is 8-10 km/hour), making these seabirds the fastest on the planet.

The penguins' main diet includes fish and shellfish. They care for their young in large colonies in Antarctica and nearby islands. Sometimes penguins raise their children in "families," with some adults caring for the young of other penguins rather than just their own offspring.

There are more than a dozen species of penguins living in the southern seas and Antarctic region. These animals vary in size from the small blue penguin, only 15 inches (40 cm), to the emperor penguin, who stands over 4 feet (1.20 cm) tall and weighs 36 kilograms.

The largest penguins (emperors) are capable of diving to depths of 850 feet (260 meters), and resist without breathing underwater for 15 minutes.

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Which bird has the longest migration?

Arctic tern (Sterna paradisaea) should also be called Antarctic tern.

This seabird, a relative of the seagull, spends about three months of each year in the Antarctic region and about three months in the Arctic. The rest of the year the tern uses it to migrate from one end of the planet to the other.

After spending the summer in the Arctic, the Arctic tern leaves in the autumn and heads south. Flying day after day, stopping to eat and resting from time to time, the bird makes a three-month journey to the Antarctic region.

The arctic tern spends the winter (actually summer in the Southern Hemisphere), whether in Antarctica, on nearby islands or even in Australia. At the end of summer in the south, the tern again begins its three-month journey, now heading north where summer will soon begin in the Arctic. The tern is the only animal that enjoys two summers a year!

The Arctic tern travels a distance almost equal to the Earth's total circumference each year.

A typical Arctic tern will travel a distance equivalent to going to and from the Moon (about 800,000 km) throughout its life.

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